JINHA

AMED - President Tayyip Erdoğan announced three-month state of emergency (OHAL) in Turkey after the meeting of the National Security Council (MGK) held yesterday. The state of emergency has been imposed on Kurdistan for 34 years. Martial law began following military coup 1980 gave its place to stateof emergency in 1987. Thousands of villages had been burned; hundred of thousands of people had been displaced, ten thousands of people had been forcibly disappeared and killed during the period of state of emergency governed by six governors until 2002. Applications worse than OHAL have been carried out in Sur, Cizre, Nusaybin, Şırnak, Silopi, İdil, Silvan, Lice, Yüksekova, Varto, Derik, Dargeçit, Bağlar by imposing "curfews"

After coup attempt on July 15 by Turkish Armed Forces (TSK), steps have been taken almost to complete the incomplete coup. As people have walked in the streets by shouting Allahuekber for days and slogans of death sentence and revenge, many women have been subjected to gender-based violence by these people. President has continued to send texts read, "Don't leave streets" to citizens. Intellectuals, writers, people experienced the coup period in 1980 and victims of coup note that the coup can only be parried with democratic steps. Yesterday, three-month state of emergency was reported to be declared after the meeting of the National Security Council (MGK). Today the decision of state of emergency comes into effect.

As people have begun to ask what means state of emergency, state of emergency had been begun to declare in Kurdistan on July 19, 1987. The first state of emergency had been decalred in Bingöl, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Hakkari, Mardin, Siirt, Dersim and Van and than Adıyaman, Bitlis and Muş added to these cities as neighboring provinces. After Batman and Şırnak became cities, the number of these cities increased to 13 in 1990. Bitlis was included in these cities as neighboring province in the scope of state of emergency in 1994. Then, Mardin, Muş, Bingöl, Batman, Bitlis, Siirt and Van were left out of the scope of of state of emergency in 1996. The state of emergency was extended 46 times once four months.

According to report of Parliamentary Research Commission in 1998; 3428 resident areas, including 905 villages and 2523 hamlets, were evacuated by November 1997 and 378.335 people were forcibly displaced. Meanwhile, according to reports of human rights organizations in Turkey; 4000 resident areas were evacuated and more than three millions people were forcibly displaced.

Applications worse than OHAL have been carried out in cities of Kurdistan by imposing "curfews".

Sur

Curfew, which was declared on December 2, 2015, has left seven months behind. Entrance and exit to five neighborhoods of Sur are still banned. Thousands of people have been forcibly displaced. As all historical monuments have been destroyed, dead bodies of people who died in Sur weren't given to their families for months.

Şırnak

"Curfew" was declared in the city's center on March 14, 2016. As the city has been bombed with mortar and howitzer fires, houses have been begun to tear down with diggers in the city after clashes ended. The ban has been imposed in the city for 129 days. Democratic Regions Party (DBP) Şırnak Executive Hurşit Külter went missing in this period. There is no news from Hurşit since May 27.

Nusaybin

"Curfew" was declared in the town on March 13. The ban has been imposed for 130 days.

Cizre

"Curfew" was declared in the town on December 14, 2015. Houndreds of people were killed in the ban lasted 179 days. People were burned to death in "basements o savagery". The ban is still in effect between 11:00 p.m. and 2:30 a.m.

Silopi

"Curfew" was declared in the town on December 14, 2015. Tens of people, including DBP Assembly member Sêvê Demir, Silopi People's Assembly co-chair Pakize Nayır and KJA activist Fatma Uyar were killed. As "curfew" was lifted on January 18, it was declared again on April 5. The ban is still in effect at night.

İdil

"Curfew" was declared on March 13 and it is still in effect at night.

Silvan

"Curfew" has been declared in the Diyarbakır's Silvan district six times since August 18. The town was burned and demolished during curfew. 12 civilians wer killed during the ban period.

Lice

Martial law applications have been imposed on Diyarbakır's Lice district since 1990s. "Curfew" was declared in 13villages of Lice on June 18. Five people died and forests were burned during the ban. The ban was lifted on July 4.

(gc/gd)